What is the formula for calculating resistance in a conductor?

The formula for calculating resistance in a conductor is derived from the material's properties and dimensions. The resistance (R) of a conductor is calculated using the formula ( R = \frac{pL}{A} ). In this expression, ( p ) represents the resistivity of the material, ( L ) is the length of the conductor, and ( A ) is the cross-sectional area.

Resistivity is a fundamental property of the material that quantifies how strongly it resists the flow of electric current. This formula illustrates that resistance increases with the length of the conductor (longer paths for electrons to travel have more resistance) and decreases with a larger cross-sectional area (more pathways for electrons to flow).

The other formulas provided represent different electrical concepts. For example, ( V/I ) is the general definition of resistance derived from Ohm's Law, where ( V ) is voltage and ( I ) is current. However, it does not specifically account for material properties or physical dimensions of the conductor. The formula ( IR ) represents Ohm's Law in another form, indicating that the product of current and resistance gives the voltage across a conductor but does not directly define how to calculate resistance itself. Lastly,