What type of junctions connect epithelial cells in the convoluted tubule?

Tight junctions are the primary type of junctions that connect epithelial cells in the convoluted tubule of the nephron. These junctions are critical for the function of epithelial tissues, particularly in the kidneys, where they play a vital role in maintaining the integrity of the barrier between the tubular fluid and the blood.

Tight junctions create a selectively permeable barrier that regulates the passage of ions, water, and solutes, ensuring that substances are properly reabsorbed or excreted as needed. This is essential for the kidneys to concentrate urine and maintain homeostasis in the body. Tight junctions also prevent the diffusion of molecules between cells, directing them through the epithelial cells themselves where transport processes can be tightly controlled.

In contrast to tight junctions, gap junctions facilitate communication between adjacent cells through channels that allow small molecules and ions to pass directly from one cell to another. This is not the primary function needed in the context of the convoluted tubule. Desmosomes provide mechanical strength and stability by anchoring cells together at specific spots but do not create a barrier like tight junctions. Adherens junctions also offer adhesion between cells but lack the permeability barrier role characteristic of tight junctions.

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